ACEH

Aceh which was originally held by the Commander Meurah Johansyah called Atjih / Aceh Darussalam (1205-1959) once referred to hereinafter as the Aceh Special Region (1959-2001) and Aceh (2001-2009) and became the province of Aceh (2009 -now) is the westernmost province in Indonesia. Aceh has the autonomy to set its own, unlike most other provinces in Indonesia, for historical reasons. The area is bordered by the Bay of Bengal in the north, the Indian Ocean to the west, the Strait of Malacca in the east, and North Sumatra in southeast and south. Aceh is the capital of Banda Aceh. Its port is Malahayati-Krueng Raya, Ulee Lheue, Sabang, Lhokseumawe and Langsa. Aceh is the region worst hit by the earthquake and tsunami of December 26, 2004. Some places on the coast destroyed. The hardest was Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Aceh Jaya, West Aceh, and Simeulue Singkil. Aceh has a wealth of natural resources such as petroleum and natural gas. Resources were located in North Aceh and East Aceh. Aceh is also famous for its forest resources, which are located along Bukit Barisan range, from Kutacane, Southeast Aceh, Seulawah, Aceh Besar, until Ulu Masen in Aceh Jaya. A national park, the Gunung Leuser National Park (TNGL) are also found in Southeast Aceh. Sultan first and make a name (Atjih Darussalam) in the enhanced spelling (Aceh Darussalam) was appointed Commander of Meurah Johansyah became King of Aceh,

the title sultan Alauddin Johansyah in the year (601-633 AH 1205-1235 AD) In the days of Aceh Darussalam the time of Sultan Iskandar Muda power Meukuta Mighty Nature (sultan of Aceh to 19), is a country very rich and prosperous. According to a French explorer who arrived in Aceh in the heyday of the era, the power reaching the west coast of Aceh, Minangkabau to Perak. The Sultanate of Aceh has a relationship with the kingdoms of the West in the 16th century, including the British, Ottoman, and the Netherlands. The Sultanate of Aceh involved a protracted power struggle since the beginning of the 16th century, first by Portugal, and since the 18th century by the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands. At the end of the 18th century, Aceh was forced to give up territory in Kedah and Penang on the Malay Peninsula to the United Kingdom. In 1824, the Anglo-Dutch agreement was signed, in which Britain handed over to the Dutch territory in Sumatra. Britain Party claims that Aceh was their colony, although this is not true. In 1871, Britain allowed the Dutch to invade Aceh, possibly to prevent France from gaining power in the region. While the period of Dutch rule, the people of Aceh began a cooperation with other regions in Indonesia and was involved in various political and nationalist movements. Aceh were increasingly involved in the Indonesian nationalist movement. When the People's Council (parliament) was formed, Teuku Nyak Arif was elected as the first representative of Aceh. (Nyak Arif then sworn in as governor of Sumatra's Aceh's first governor, Mr. Teuku Muhammad Hasan). When Japan began to wage a war to expel European colonialists from Asia, the figures Aceh fighters sent into the Japanese war leaders to help businesses drive the Dutch from Aceh. Negotiations began in 1940. After several aborted landing plan, finally, on February 9, 1942 Japanese forces landed in the region Batee Ujong, Aceh Besar. Their arrival was greeted by the leaders of Aceh fighters and the general public. The entry of Japan into Aceh to the Netherlands permanently expelled from the land of Aceh. Japan initially be kind and respectful to the people and leaders of Aceh, and respect the beliefs and customs of Aceh's Islamic breath. People also do not hesitate to assist and participate in development programs of Japan. But when the situation is improving, the abuse of the Acehnese people, especially women conducted by personnel from the Japanese army. Muslim Acehnese who were ordered to start leaning toward the sunrise in the morning, a behavior that is contrary to Islamic belief. Hence came the Acehnese people's resistance against Japan in all areas of Aceh. The most famous example is the resistance led by Tengku Abdul Jalil, a scholar from the Bayu, near Lhokseumawe. Most of the population in Aceh Islam. Of the 13 indigenous tribes in Aceh Nias tribe only that not all of them embraced Islam. Other religions are embraced by the population in Aceh is the Christian religion professed by the Batak ethnic immigrants and most Chinese people are mostly Hakka tribes. While others still adhere to Confucianism. In addition the province has a distinctive compared with other provinces, because of Islamic law in the province apply to the majority of citizens who embraced Islam, based on Law No.18/2001. Despite of intellectuals in Aceh alone, there is still debate about whether imposed in Aceh is completely Shari'a, or is it just for political reasons alone? The reason for that is also then mentioned the condition of the concrete when it is concerned with politics, polemics among jumhur scholars about whether or not produced post-prophetic Islamic law, in addition to the problem of dualism in the flow of Islam, the two major streams in the tradition of interpretation of Islamic law.